![]() ![]() 12 Blank et al proposed the term “cancer immunogram”-which is similar to “immune landscape”-to describe interaction between cancer cells and the host immune system. 11 Consequently, full understanding of the adaptive immune response in tumors could help to screen the potential beneficial population and improve the efficacy of immune therapy.ĭue to the multiple aspects involved in the adaptive immune response of tumor patients. 7, 8, 9, 10 However, most cancer patients failed to respond to this treatment and some of them even suffered from hyperprogressive disease. 5 This immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy can improve the overall survival and maintain a durable therapeutic response, and it has been proved a huge success in several solid tumors. 4, 5, 6 Therefore, immune checkpoint inhibitors can activate cytotoxic T lymphocytes, leading to destruction of cancer cells. Immune checkpoint pathways play a role in assisting the evasion of tumor cells from immune surveillance. ![]() Immune therapy has been extensively studied as a promising treatment. 2 Therefore, research on the treatment of RLPS is essential. 3 Surgery remains the only curative method for RLPS patients, and the effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy is limited. 1, 2 Patients with retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RLPS) often manifest a painless enlarging mass, and thus tumors tend to be bulky and difficult to remove completely when diagnosed, which might contribute to a poorer prognosis in RLPS patients than in patients with extremity liposarcoma. Retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is a type of heterogeneous malignancy with an incidence of 0.5‐1/100 000 liposarcoma is the most common subtype and accounts for 45% of retroperitoneal STSs. Therefore, strategies that can facilitate lymphocytic infiltration and immune reactivity need to be developed in the future to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy. Our research described the immune landscape of RLPS, and suggested RLPS might be a kind of tumor with low T cell infiltration as well as great immune heterogeneity. Both TILs distribution and TCR repertoires suggested spatial immune heterogeneity in RLPS. Although T‐cell clones in tumors were quite different from those in peripheral blood, TCR sequencing showed low TCR repertoire reads as well as polyclonal status within tumors, which indicated limited T cell response in the tumors. Patients with higher PD‐1/ PD‐L1 expression tended to have poorer prognosis, whereas patients with tertiary lymphoid structure tended to have a favorable disease‐free survival. Generally, the proportion of TILs decreased and PD‐L1 expression increased with tumor progression. In RLPS, TILs were distributed in 3 patterns and T cells were more prevalent than B cells. Ultradeep sequencing of T‐cell receptor ( TCR) β‐chain gene was carried out in 42 tumor samples as well as peripheral blood samples collected from 6 patients. Immunohistochemistry was carried out to identify CD4 +, CD8 +, FoxP3 +, CD20 +, or programmed cell death‐1 ( PD‐1) + tumor infiltrating lymphocytes ( TILs) and Programmed cell death ligand‐1 ( PD‐L1) expression in tumor tissues. Multisite tumor tissues were collected from 16 patients. ![]() This study aimed to provide a thorough profile of immune characteristics of RLPS. Retroperitoneal liposarcoma ( RLPS) is one of the most common subtypes of retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas and lacks effective treatment. ![]()
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